Andrew Zappia, a partner in Troutman Pepper Locke's Insurance + Intellectual Property practice group.

21 November 2025FeaturesPatentsAndrew Zappia

Still unsettling: The uncertain landscape for discretionary denial

Recent PTAB rulings on ‘settled expectations’ have left legal practitioners guessing. Andrew Zappia of Troutman Pepper Locke breaks down the conflicting case law and outlines what clients must do to survive this shift in discretionary denial practice.

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Still unsettling: The uncertain landscape for discretionary denial

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